MORE USEFUL WORDS

Let’s look at the four most common useful words we learned in this lesson. What made these words similar were the way they were transformed to refer to different persons and the way they are used as connecting words. A lot of meaning is transmitted by these small words.

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fī

Meaning “in” or sometimes “on”, it’s also used as a general preposition after verbs. It’s a preposition that is often mandatory, but sometimes removable.

Meaning	Transliteration	Arabic
in me…	fiyạ	فِيَا
in you (sg.)…	fīk	فيك
in him…	fīн	فيه
in her…	fīнā	فيها
in us…	fīnā	فينا
in you (pl.)…	fīkom	فيكُم
in them…	fīнom	فيهُم

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bī

This one usually means “by the means of” or simply “by”. In certain contexts, it remplaces the English word “with”, but when it’s used in terms of using. It’s also a preposition that goes after certain verbs, hence increasing its meaning.

Meaning	Transliteration	Arabic
with me / by me	biyạ	بِيَا
with you (sg.) / by you	bīk	بيك
with him / by him	bīн	بيه
with her / by her	bīнā	بيها
with us / by us	bīnā	بينا
with you (pl.) / by you	bīkom	بيكُم
with them / by them	bīнom	بيهُم

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зla̦

Meaning “on” in most sentences, this small word is also a very common preposition. It’s exact meaning is hard to pin down, but you’ll get it pretty quickly when you hear it tied to verbs. It can mean “about”, “for”, “unto” and more.

Meaning	Transliteration	Arabic
on me…	зliyạ	علِيَا
on you (sg.)…	зlīk	عليك
on him…	зlīн	عليه
on her…	зlīнā	عليها
on us…	зlīnā	علينا
on you (pl.)…	зlīkom	عليكُم
on them…	зlīнom	عليهُم

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mзā

This one means with, but not in the sense of using. It’s used in the sense of “being with”.

Meaning	Transliteration	Arabic
with me	mзāyạ	معايَا
with you (sg.)	mзāk	معاك
with him	mзāн	معاه
with her	mзāнā	معاها
with us	mзānā	معانا
with you (pl.)	mзākom	معاكُم
with them	mзāнom	معاهُم